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Neuron Definition
What Is A Neuron?

A nerve cell; it receives and conducts electrical impulses from the brain. It consists of a cell body called the cyton, an axon, axon terminals, and dendrites. Neuron is the functional unit of the nervous system. A typical neuron consists of dendrites (fibres that receive stimuli and conduct them inward), a cell body (a nucleated body that receives input from dendrites), and an axon (a fibre that conducts the nerve impulse from the cell body outward to the axon terminals). The cell body contains the nucleus and usual cytoplasmic or-ganelles with an exceptionally large amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum, called Nissl substance in the neuron. The longest cell process is the axon, which is capable of transmitting propagated nerve impulses. There may be none, one, or many dendrites composing part of a neuron. If there is no dendrite, it is a unipolar neuron; with one dendrite, it is a bipolar neuron; if there is more than one dendrite, it is a multipolar neuron. There are mainly three types of neurons: (1)Sensory neurons relay information from sense organs, (2)motor neurons carry impulses to muscles and glands, and (3)interneurons transmit impulses between sensory and motor neurons.

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